Introduction. Central nervous system infections are among the most serious conditions in of medical practice. C-reactive Protein has recently been evaluated in terms of its ability to diffeccentiate BACTERIAL from nonBACTERIAL central nervous system inflammations. Methods. We studied the frequency of positive CRP in 61 patients who had signs of MENINGITIS. All the specimens referred to one laboratory and were examined by Slide method. Results. Positive CRP was found in 97.6 percent of those who were finally diagnosed as BACTERIAL MENINGITIS. The frequency of CRP for other types of MENINGITIS was 16.6 percent (P<0.05).Discussion. In the absence of infection, CSF is free of CRP. Positive CRP may help to the differentiate the different types of MENINGITIS.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to discuss a possible new risk factor for the BACTERIAL MENINGITIS.METHODS: Cerebrospinal fluid collected from 270 patients was assayed. An enzyme immunosorbent assay for the detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxins A to E was used.RESULTS: The results indicated that the frequency of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) was 35 (20.46%). An important finding of this research was that the CoNS isolates produced enterotoxin C and D or enterotoxin C and E.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of enterotoxin-producing Coagulase Negative Staphylococci isolated from CSF patients. Therefore, these enterotoxins probably act as risk factors in the BACTERIAL invasion into central nervous system.

Context: Military personnel and recruits are generally a high-risk group for meningococcal disease, with a reported incidence of four to ten times greater than that of the general population. Unlike progresses in medicine, BACTERIAL MENINGITIS is still recognized as a medical emergency, which necessitates immediate actions for the definitive diagnosis and subsequently proper antimicrobial regimen. The mortality and morbidity rate are still high even with proper therapeutics and diagnosed cases, if left unattended, can reach 100% mortality. Epidemics with certain pathogens, especially N. meningitidis, might result in grave situations in public health levels in crowded places, namely military bases and camps, and this necessitates proper precautionary actions. Various vaccines have been introduced to control outbreaks in the public health context. Evidence Acquisition: In this review article, 45 related literatures regarding the “ acute BACTERIAL MENINGITIS” were studied searching the Internet using Medical data bases such as PubMed and Google Scholar, using the keyword of acute BACTERIAL MENINGITIS. Results: Due to high morbidity and mortality rate, providing accurate, detailed, and citable information is vital, especially, concerning the etiology and persons at highest risk to guarantee and ensure public health and appropriate management. Conclusions: Despite a decrease in morbidity and mortality in the recent years, it is still one of the fatal diseases of the world. However, a definitive diagnosis, prompt therapeutic strategy, decent adjunctive treatment, and vaccinations can all have positive influences in the context of the best patient care.

Background: MENINGITIS is more common during the neonatal period than other periods of life and has a prevalence of one in 1000 live births. The similarity of its clinical manifestations with other infectious diseases makes it difficult to diagnose. The aim of the current study was to determine the relationship between age, sex, clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory test results of newborns in which BACTERIAL MENINGITIS had been confined by positive CSF culture.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed by a non-randomized simple sampling method, in which the medical files of neonates hospitalized between March 1994 and Oct. 1999 were reviewed.Results: A total of 294 files (16 boys, 127 girls; 54 preterm, 240 full-term infants) were reviewed. Fifteen newsboys (8 girls, 7 boys) had positive CSF culture results. A significant statistical relationship was not found between sex and pre-term cases with MENINGITIS. The most common results in newsboys with positive CSF culture were poor feeding, lethargy and hyperthermia, followed by seizures, jitteriness, hypothermia and vomiting. Blood culture was positive in only 6 (40%) of the 15 neonates with positive CSF cultures. Leukocytosis (3 cases, 20%), thrombocytopenia (2 cases, 13.3%) and positive direct CSF smear (9 cases, 60%) were also present. Group B Streptococcus (GBS), E. coli and gram-negative bacteria were the leading causes of neonatal sepsis and MENINGITIS. A significant difference was found in the WBC count, CSF protein and glucose levels with BACTERIAL MENINGITIS. A significant relationship was also found to exist between CSF glucose-simultaneous blood glucose ratio and neonatal MENINGITIS.Conclusion: There was a significant difference between CSF protein and glucose, WBC count and BACTERIAL MENINGITIS. A significant relationship was also found between CSF and blood glucose ratio (CG/BG) and neonatal BACTERIAL MENINGITIS.